使用colab執行chromium-browser時會出現chromedriver unexpectedly exited的錯誤
筆者在使用colab執行selenium 中的 chromium-browser時會出現chromedriver unexpectedly exited的錯誤，以下分享上網查到的解決辦法
[錯誤訊息]Message: Service chromedriver unexpectedly exited. Status code was: 1
解決方法:
在程式的最前面創建一個新的儲存格，並貼上以下程式碼
%%shell
# Ubuntu no longer distributes chromium-browser outside of snap
#
# Proposed solution: https://askubuntu.com/questions/1204571/how-to-install-chromium-without-snap
# Add debian buster
cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/debian.list <<'EOF'
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian buster main
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster-updates.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian buster-updates main
deb [arch=amd64 signed-by=/usr/share/keyrings/debian-security-buster.gpg] http://deb.debian.org/debian-security buster/updates main
EOF
# Add keys
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys DCC9EFBF77E11517
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 648ACFD622F3D138
apt-key adv --keyserver keyserver.ubuntu.com --recv-keys 112695A0E562B32A
apt-key export 77E11517 | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster.gpg
apt-key export 22F3D138 | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-buster-updates.gpg
apt-key export E562B32A | gpg --dearmour -o /usr/share/keyrings/debian-security-buster.gpg
# Prefer debian repo for chromium* packages only
# Note the double-blank lines between entries
cat > /etc/apt/preferences.d/chromium.pref << 'EOF'
Package: *
Pin: release a=eoan
Pin-Priority: 500
Package: *
Pin: origin "deb.debian.org"
Pin-Priority: 300
Package: chromium*
Pin: origin "deb.debian.org"
Pin-Priority: 700
EOF
# Install chromium and chromium-driver
apt-get update
apt-get install chromium chromium-driver
# Install selenium
pip install selenium發生原因:
Colab 的環境原本是安裝在ubuntu 18.04.1 後來更新成ubuntu 20.04.2，因為 ubuntu 20.04.2所造成的錯誤(如下圖所示[1])
